Dark Energy

Dark Energy is a mysterious form of energy that makes up about 68% of the universe and is theorized to be responsible for the accelerated expansion of the universe. Unlike ordinary matter and energy, which exert attractive gravitational forces, dark energy is believed to have a repulsive effect, pushing galaxies apart. It was first inferred from observations of distant supernovae in the late 1990s, which showed that galaxies are moving away from each other at an increasing rate. The nature of dark energy remains one of the biggest puzzles in cosmology, as its properties are not yet fully understood, and it does not interact with electromagnetic forces, making it invisible and detectable only through its gravitational effects on visible matter and the curvature of space-time. Various theories exist to explain dark energy, including the cosmological constant introduced by Albert Einstein and dynamic fields such as quintessence, but there is currently no definitive explanation for it.